What is the correct action if a hematoma forms during venipuncture?

When a hematoma forms during venipuncture, the appropriate action is to apply pressure and observe. This approach is crucial because applying pressure helps to control bleeding and minimize the size of the hematoma. By pressing on the site, you can encourage blood to clot within the vessel that has leaked, which reduces the chances of further bleeding and limits swelling.

Observing the site is also important to ensure that the hematoma does not worsen and to monitor for any signs of complications. Keeping the site clean and protected post-procedure is essential for promoting healing.

Continuing with the procedure could exacerbate the situation, potentially increasing discomfort for the patient and leading to further complications. Similarly, removing the needle without applying pressure could allow additional blood to leak into the surrounding tissues, increasing the size of the hematoma. Applying heat is generally not recommended in the initial stages of a hematoma, as it can increase blood flow to the area and further swelling. Therefore, pressing and observing is the best practice to manage this situation effectively.