What is the most common complication associated with phlebotomy procedures?

Hematoma formation is considered the most common complication associated with phlebotomy procedures. A hematoma occurs when blood leaks out of the vessel and collects in the surrounding tissue, typically as a result of a break in the vascular integrity during needle insertion or withdrawal. This leakage can happen if the needle punctures through the opposite wall of the vein or if adequate pressure is not applied to the venipuncture site after the needle is removed.

The development of a hematoma can lead to swelling, discoloration, and discomfort at the puncture site, but it usually resolves on its own without the need for medical intervention. Knowledge of this complication is essential for phlebotomists, as they can take preventive measures such as applying appropriate pressure after the procedure and properly positioning the patient to minimize the risk of hematoma formation.

In contrast, while allergic reactions, infections, and phlebitis are potential risks during phlebotomy, they occur less frequently. Allergic reactions may happen due to the use of certain antiseptics or latex, infections are relatively rare when proper aseptic techniques are followed, and phlebitis usually develops over a longer period after intravenous access rather than immediately after a blood draw. Understanding these relative frequencies helps