Which entity is responsible for investigating and controlling diseases?

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the primary federal agency responsible for investigating and controlling diseases in the United States. Established to safeguard public health and safety, the CDC works on diagnosing and controlling outbreaks, conducting research to understand disease patterns, and implementing strategies to prevent illness. The agency collaborates with various health departments and organizations globally to monitor health threats and promote health education.

NIOSH, OSHA, and HICPAC serve specific roles within health and safety; however, their focus is not predominantly on disease investigation and control. NIOSH is dedicated to ensuring safe and healthy working conditions by researching workplace safety, while OSHA is concerned with enforcing workplace health and safety standards. HICPAC provides advice and guidance on infection control practices, mainly within healthcare settings, rather than a broad disease control mandate. Thus, the CDC's comprehensive role in addressing health emergencies and conducting disease-related research establishes it as the correct choice in this context.